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Washington DC taxes explained: income, sales, and property rates for 2025

Washington, D.C. is not a state, but it levies its own income, sales, and property taxes. For 2025, the District's income tax runs from 4% to 10.75% depending on earnings. The general sales tax is 6%, and residential property is taxed at $0.85 per $100 of assessed value.

Washington, D.C. is not a state, but it levies its own income, sales, and property taxes. For 2025, District income tax runs from 4% on the first $10,000 of taxable income all the way to 10.75% on income above $1 million. The general sales tax is 6%, and residential property is taxed at $0.85 per $100 of assessed value.

First, a quick clarification

People searching "DC state tax" are really asking about the taxes the District of Columbia imposes on residents, workers, and property owners. D.C. functions like a state for tax purposes. All of its tax administration runs through the DC Office of Tax and Revenue (OTR), reachable at (202) 727-4TAX.

Income tax

The District of Columbia has a graduated individual income tax, with rates ranging from 4.00% to 10.75%. There are seven brackets. For tax year 2025 the rates are: 4% on the first $10,000; 6% on $10,001-$40,000; 6.5% on $40,001-$60,000; 8.5% on $60,001-$250,000; 9.25% on $250,001-$500,000; 9.75% on $500,001-$1,000,000; and 10.75% on income above $1,000,000.

The DC tax brackets have not changed since the 2022 tax year. What has changed are the standard deductions. The standard deduction for tax year 2025 translates to $15,000 of tax-free income for single DC taxpayers, and $30,000 for those filing jointly.

An individual who is domiciled in the District at any time during the tax year, or who maintains an abode in the District for 183 or more days during the year, is subject to DC income tax. The annual filing deadline aligns with the federal calendar. The deadline to submit Tax Year 2024 individual income tax returns or an extension was April 15, 2025.

One notable benefit for 2025: the amount of the DC Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) allowed increased to 100% of the federal credit.

Social Security retirement and Railroad Retirement benefits are tax-exempt in Washington D.C. However, military retirement pay is fully taxable.

Sales tax

The general sales tax rate on gross receipts from the sale of tangible personal property, digital goods, and taxable services remains 6.0% through September 30, 2026. The general sales tax rate will increase to 7.0% for periods beginning on and after October 1, 2026.

There is no separate city or county sales tax on top of that. Unlike many other states, local jurisdictions in DC cannot levy additional taxes, which simplifies compliance compared to areas with varying local sales tax rates.

Several categories carry their own rates. The hotel surtax - charged on the gross receipts from rooms, lodgings, or accommodations furnished to a transient - sits at 15.95% and is extended through September 30, 2027. Alcohol is handled separately: beer is taxed at $0.79 per gallon and distilled spirits at $6.68 per gallon. DC's gas tax is 35.7 cents per gallon and its cigarette excise tax is $5.07 per pack of 20 cigarettes.

Property tax

Real property is taxed based on its classification, grouping properties by similar use. Properties in different classes are taxed at different rates.

Class 1A - residential multifamily dwellings with three or more units - carries a rate of $0.85 per $100 of taxable assessed value. Class 1B - single-family homes, row houses, and townhouses - is also taxed at $0.85 per $100 for the first $2.5 million in assessed value, and $1.00 on assessed value above $2.5 million. That higher rate on values above $2.5 million is commonly called the "mansion tax," passed as part of DC's fiscal year 2025 budget.

Commercial properties (Class 2, valued at $5 million or less) are taxed at $1.65 per $100 of taxable assessed value - about twice the residential rate.

Despite a relatively high nominal rate, the actual burden for most DC homeowners is lower than you might expect. Homeowners in the nation's capital pay some of the lowest property tax rates in the country; the effective property tax rate in DC is 0.63%. A big reason: the Homestead Deduction, which reduces a residential property's assessed value by $78,700 before computing the yearly tax liability.

The "Schedule H" program provides an income-based property tax credit to residents with low and moderate incomes. It is available to both homeowners and renters, who are assumed to pay a portion of DC property taxes through higher rent. For tax year 2025, the credit can reduce tax liability by up to $1,425. To be eligible, an individual needs an adjusted gross income of $66,000 or less if under age 70, or $90,000 or less for those aged 70 or older.

Corporate and estate taxes

The District of Columbia has an 8.25% corporate income tax rate. For estates, DC has an estate tax that applies to estates over $4.873 million in 2025; for estates above that threshold, rates are applied based on the total gross estate.

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