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How tourists use the DC Metro

Buy a SmarTrip card ($2) at any station kiosk, tap it on the turnstile to enter and again when you exit, and the fare is deducted automatically. Rail costs $2.25 to $6.75 on weekdays and $2.25 to $2.50 on weekends. Kids under five ride free. No eating or drinking allowed.

Buy a SmarTrip card ($2) at any station kiosk, tap it on the turnstile to enter and again when you exit, and the fare is deducted automatically. Rail costs $2.25 to $6.75 on weekdays and $2.25 to $2.50 on weekends. Kids under five ride free. No eating or drinking allowed anywhere in the system.

The basics: what you need before you board

A SmarTrip card is required for each rider aged five and older, and cards cannot be shared. You pick one up the moment you arrive. Visitors can get one through Metro fare vending machines at every station. If you arrive at Reagan National Airport (DCA) or Dulles Airport (IAD), the airport Metrorail stations have machines ready to go before you even reach the city.

The SmarTrip card is a permanent, rechargeable plastic card like a credit card. It costs $2 upfront and can be loaded with as much money as you need. You do not need a mobile device to use a physical card. It is active the moment you purchase it. Alternatively, if you don't want to carry a physical card, you can add a virtual card to your phone using Apple Wallet or Google Pay.

Up to two children age four and younger can ride free with each fare-paying adult. Children age five and older pay the regular fare and need their own payment method.

How fares work

DC is unusual: the Metro does not charge one flat fare. What you pay depends on how far you travel and what time it is, so the same journey can cost anywhere from $2.25 to $6.75. After 9:30 p.m. and all weekend, fares are capped at $2.50 however far you go.

On weekdays from 5 a.m. to 9:30 p.m., full fares run $2.25 to $6.75. After 9:30 p.m. on weekdays, fares drop to $2.25 to $2.50. Weekend fares are also $2.25 to $2.50. The WMATA trip planner at wmata.com will show you the exact cost for any route before you ride.

For pass options: a one-day unlimited pass runs $13. The seven-day Short Trip pass, good for trips costing up to $3.85 during peak times, costs $38. A seven-day unlimited pass costs $58. Most tourists spending a few days on the National Mall and nearby neighborhoods will find pay-per-ride on a loaded SmarTrip card cheaper than a pass.

WMATA's Metro Lift program offers 50% off Metrorail and Metrobus trips for DC, Maryland, and Virginia customers enrolled in SNAP.

Getting on and off the train

Tap your SmarTrip card on the circular reader on top of the turnstile to enter. Tap again at the exit turnstile when you leave. This second tap is how the system calculates your fare. Forgetting to tap out charges you the maximum fare. If you run low on credit mid-trip, use the Exit Fare machines just before the exit turnstiles, which take $1 or $5 bills.

Hours

The rail system operates Monday through Thursday 5 a.m. to midnight, Friday 5 a.m. to 2 a.m., Saturday 6 a.m. to 2 a.m., and Sunday 6 a.m. to midnight. The system closes overnight every night, which is when track maintenance happens. There is no all-night Metro service in Washington.

The Metro does not open everywhere at once. The first trains start from the ends of each line and work inward, which means an end-of-line station like Shady Grove or Vienna sees its first train at the line's official opening minute, while a station in the middle of the system sees its first train 20 to 40 minutes later. Check your specific station on WMATA's site if you have an early flight.

The system: six lines, 98 stations

The Metro opened on March 27, 1976, and now runs six color-coded lines across 98 stations, covering the District of Columbia, Maryland, and Virginia along 129 miles of track.

For sightseers, two stations do most of the work. Smithsonian station (Blue, Orange, Silver) comes up right on the National Mall, within walking distance of the Washington Monument, the Smithsonian Castle, and a cluster of museums. If your day is built around the Mall and the monuments, this is the station to start from. The Arlington Cemetery station on the Blue Line offers direct access to the nation's military burial ground.

The busiest stops in the system are Union Station and Metro Center. Metro Center is a major transfer point between the Red, Orange, Silver, and Blue Lines.

Getting in from the airport

Reagan National Airport (DCA) is the best for Metro access. It's a 15-minute ride to Metro Center with direct Blue and Yellow Line service from inside the terminal. The station is connected to Terminal 2 via a covered walkway and accessible via shuttle from Terminal 1. The peak fare from DCA to Metro Center is $2.85; off-peak, it drops to $2.50.

Dulles (IAD) also has Metro service on the Silver Line, about 55 minutes away, but the longer journey and slightly higher fares make DCA the easier choice when you have an option.

Etiquette: what locals expect

Two rules will keep you out of trouble with commuters. First: stand on the right, walk on the left. The left lane of every Metro escalator is for people walking up or down. Stand on the left and you will block a stream of commuters, and hear about it.

Second: food and drink are not allowed on Metro trains or in stations. You can be fined. That includes your coffee cup and your granola bar. Allow passengers to get off the train before you get on, and stand to the side so you don't block the doors.

One practical tip for families

If you are leading a group, don't congregate at the bottom of the escalators, as this blocks the way for everyone behind you. Move clear of the escalator before you regroup with your party. Station platforms can be narrow, especially at older downtown stops like Dupont Circle, and rush-hour crowds move fast.

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